2.4. Commands

A quick glossary of command-line tools used throughout these notes. Select a command for examples and additional details.

• awk - Select, transform, and calculate with columns of text.

• cat - Print or combine file contents.

• cd - Change the current working directory.

• chsh - Change your login shell.

• cp - Copy files and directories.

• echo - Print text or variable values.

• grep - Search text for matching patterns.

• head - Print the first lines of a file.

• help - Read help for Bash built-in commands.

• less - View and navigate text one screen at a time.

• ls - List files and directories.

• lsblk - List block devices and mount points.

• lscpu - Display CPU architecture information.

• man - Read a command’s manual page.

• mkdir - Create directories.

• module - Load and manage software modules.

• mount - Attach a filesystem to a directory.

• mv - Move or rename files and directories.

• pwd - Print the current working directory.

• rm - Permanently remove files or directories.

• rsync - Synchronize files and directories.

• sbatch - Submit a batch job to Slurm.

• scancel - Cancel a Slurm job.

• scp - Copy files over SSH.

• sed - Transform text using editing expressions.

• seq - Print a sequence of numbers.

• setfacl - Modify filesystem access control lists.

• sinfo - Display Slurm node and partition information.

• sort - Sort lines of text.

• ssh-keygen - Create SSH key pairs.

• ssh - Connect to a remote computer securely.

• tail - Print the last lines of a file.

• tar - Create or extract archive files.

• touch - Create empty files or update timestamps.

• trap - Run commands when a shell receives a signal.